Raphanus Sativus Leaves Ethanol Extract's Effect on Heart Muscle's Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFkB) in Diabetic Rats

Asri Hendrawati(1*), Nur Aini Djunet(2)


(1) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(2) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background:  Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia increases free radicals and oxidative stress that damage heart muscle cells. Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) plays an important role in inflammation and cell damage. Radish leaves (Raphanus sativus) are known to have compounds that can control NFkB expression.

Objective: To measure the effect of radish leaves on the expression of NFkB in heart muscle.

Methods: The study design was experimental laboratory post test control group design. The subjects were diabetic male Wistar rats, weight 150-300 grams, 3-4 months old. Rats were divided into four groups and given treatment orally for 28 days. The 1st group received placebo. The 2nd group received glibenclamide 5 mg/kg BW/day. The 3rd and 4th groups received 50% and 100% ethanol extract of radish leaves. Heart NFkB was measured using immunohistochemistry.  

Results: Radish leaves ethanol extract 50% and 100% reduced NFkB  in the heart muscle better than placebo and glibenclamide 5 mg/kg BW ((p=0.000). There was no difference between radish leaf extract 50% and 100% in reducing heart NFkB expression (p=0.876).

Conclusion: Radish leaf extract 50% and 100% reduce NFkB expression better than placebo and glibenclamide 5 mg/kg BW.


Keywords


Raphanus sativus; NFkB; heart muscle; diabetes melli-tus; rats

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/magnamed.11.2.2024.198-204

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