![一般社団法人全国医学部国際交流協議会[J-MICA (Japanese Medical University International Collaborative Assembly)]](http://kokusaikouryu.net/img/banner01.png)
The Impact of Physical Activity in Elderly
(1) FK UMSU, Medan, Nort Sumatera, Indonesia
(2) FK UMSU, Medan, Nort Sumatera, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Physical activity has been identified as a protective factor for non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, some types of cancer and has been linked to slowing the onset of dementia, improved mental health, and improved quality of life and well-being. The increase in the number of the elderly population causes the need for special attention to the elderly, so that in addition to having a long life, the elderly can also enjoy their old age happily. Special attention is needed on promotional measures to support the elderly to participate in physical activity to help overcome the decline in functional capacity associated with aging. This literature review aims to provide an understanding of the impact of physical activity on the elderly. Elderly who do physical activity will get many positive effects, ranging from increasing bone density, reducing fat accumulation, increasing body mass index, reducing the risk of damage to the musculoskeletal system, reducing the risk for the development of cardiovascular disease, cancer, other chronic diseases, as hypertension management because it can lower blood pressure. Physical activity also greatly affects the increase in dopamine levels and changes in neutrophic factors that have neuroprotective functions so that they can inhibit cognitive decline and dementia, and BDNF as a neutrophic factor can help the elderly prevent symptoms of depression or anxiety.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
United Nations. World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision. Available at: http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp.
Depkes RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan pengembangan Kesehatan Kementrian Kesehatan RI. 2013
Paterson D, Warburton D. Physical activity and functional limitations in older adults: a systematic review related to Canada’s Physical Activity Guidelines. I J Behav Nut Phys Act 2010Cvecka, Jan et al. Physical Activity in Elderly. European journal of translational myology. 2015.
Lisitskaya T. S., Kuvshinnikova S.I. Sociological analysis of the dominant motivations of fitness clubs clients. Theory and practice of physical culture. 2004
Andrieieva, O. et al. Effects of physical activit on aging processes in elderly person. Journal of physical education and sport. 2019
Persson, A., & While, A. Physical activity among older people and related factors. Health Education Journal. 2011
World Health Organization. PA for health. More active people for a healthier world: draf global action plan on PA 2018- 2030 Vaccine. 2018
G. Livingston, A. Sommerlad, V. Orgeta et al., Dementia prevention, intervention, and care. Te Lancet. 2017.
P. Das and R. Horton. Rethinking our approach to physical activity. Te Lancet. 2012
Andrieieva, O, et al. Effects of Physical Activity on Aging Processes in Elderly Persons. Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2019
Vagetti GC, Barbosa Filho VC, Moreira NB, Oliveira Vd, Mazzardo O, Campos Wd. Association between physical activity and quality of life in the elderly: a systematic review, 2000-2012. Braz J Psychiatry. 2014
Darmojo, B. Buku Ajar Geriatri (Ilmu Kesehatan Usia Lanjut). Jakarta: FKUI. 2015
Statistik Penduduk Lanjut Usia. Badan Pusat Statistik Republik Indonesia. 2019 [Disitasi 22 No 2020].
Diunduh:https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2019/12/20/ab17e75dbe630e05110ae53b/statistik-penduduk-lanjut-usia-2019.html
Men Ageing and Health: Achieving health across the life span. World Health Organization; 2000 [Disitasi 22 Nov 2020]. Diunduh: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/66941/WHO_NMH_NPH_01.2.pdf
Alterovitz SS, Mendelsohn GA. Relationship goals of middle-aged, young-old, and old-old Internet daters: an analysis of online personal ads. J Aging Stud. 2013
Langhammer, B., Bergland, A., & Rydwik, E. The Importance of Physical Activity Exercise among Older People. BioMed research international. 2018.
Gibney, et al. Public health nutrition (Alih Bahasa: Andry Hartono). Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC. 2009
Kerr, J, et al. Objectively measured physical activity is related to cognitive function in older adults. National Institutes of Health. 2013
Santoso, H., & Ismail, A. Memahami krisis lanjut usia. Jakarta: Gunung Mulia. 2009
Patterson C, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of dementia: Risk assessment and primary prevention of Alzheimer disease. CMAJ. 2008
The U.S Departement of Health and Human Services. Physical activity and health older adults. Washington DC: Pennsylvania Avenue. 2011
Blondell, S.J., Hammersley-Mather, R., & Veerman, J.L. Does physical activity prevent cognitive decline and dementia?: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. BMC Public Health. 2014
Laurin D, Verreault R, Lindsay J, MacPherson K, Rockwood K. Physical Activity and Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Elderly Persons. Arch Neurol. 2001
Fern, Angela K. M.S., RCEP BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN OLDER ADULTS: Programming Modifications to Enhance the Exercise Experience, ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal: September-October 2009
Muzamil, M.S, Afriwadi, & Martini, R.D. Hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan fungsi kognitif pada usila di kelurahan jati kecamatan padang timur. Jurnal Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas. 2014
Makizako, H., et al. Moderate-intensity physical activity, cognition and apoe genotype in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Science Medical Central. 2014
Busse, A.L., et al. Phyical activity and cognition in the elderly a review. Dementia Neuropsychologia. 2009
Gelder, B. M. et al . Physical activity in relation to cognitive decline inelderly men. Neurology. 2004
Yaffe K, et al. A Prospective study of physical activity and cognitive decline in elderly women who walk. Arch Intern Med. 2001
Singh-Manoux A, Hillsdon M, Brunne E, Marmot M., Effects of physical activity on cognitive functioning in middle age: evidence from the Whitehall II prospective cohort study. Am J Public Health. 2005
Cotman C. W, Berchtold N. C. Exercise: A Behavior intervention to enhance brain health and plasticity. Trends in Neurosciences. 2002
Kirk-Sanchez, N.J., & McGough, E.L. Physical exercise and cognitive performance in the elderly: Current Perspectives. Dovepres. 2013
E. Braunwald, Heart Disease, a Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 2001
S. J. Buss, J. H. Riffel, P. Malekar et al. Chronic Akt blockade aggravates pathological hypertrophy and inhibits physiological hypertrophy. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 2011
A. V. Finsen, I. G. Lunde, I. Sjaastad et al. Syndecan-4 is essential for development of concentric myocardial hypertrophy via stretch-induced activation of the calcineurin-NFAT pathway. 2011
E. Dawson, K. George, R. Shave, G. Whyte, and D. Ball. Does the human heart fatigue subsequent to prolonged exercise? Sports Medicine. 2003
E. G. Ciolac, G. et al. Acute effects of continuous and interval aerobic exercise on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in long-term treated hypertensive patients. International Journal of Cardiology. 2009
J. R. Halliwill. Mechanisms and clinical implications of post-exercise hypotension in humans. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. 2001
P. J. Franklin, D. J. Green, & N. T. Cable. The influence of thermoregulatory mechanisms on post-exercise hypotension in humans. The Journal of Physiology. 1993
C. n. M. Melo, A. et al. Postexercise hypotension induced by low-intensity resistance exercise in hypertensive women receiving captopril. Blood Pressure Monitoring. 2006
A. N. Syme, B. E. Blanchard, M. A. Guidry et al. Peak systolic blood pressure on a graded maximal exercise test and the blood pressure response to an acute bout of submaximal exercise. The American Journal of Cardiology., 2006
J. R. MacDonald, et al. Post exercise hypotension is not mediated by the serotonergic system in borderline hypertensive individuals. Journal of Human Hypertension. 2002
Abdurrachim, R, et al. Hubungan Asupan Natrium Frekuensi Dan Durasi Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Tekanan Darah Lansia Di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Budi Sejahtera Dan Bina Laras Budi Luhur Kota Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan. Journal of the Indonesian Nutrition Association. 2016
Sudirman M. Hubungan gaya hidup terhadap peningkatan tekanan darah pada lansia. Jambi. Jurnal terpadu Ilmu Kesehatan. 2013
Anggraini A. Hubungan olahraga dengan tingkat hipertensi di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wangisagara Desa Neglasari Kecamatan Majalaya Kabupaten Bandung. JIKK. 2013
H. Arazi & H. Rohani. Blood pressure responses after resistance training methods, and double extra times. Journal of Sport Sciences. University of Guilan. 2009
M. J. Kenney & D. R. Seals. Postexercise hypotension. key features, mechanisms, and clinical significance. Hypertension., 1993
T. Randall & M. Schapiro. Managing symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Neurologic Clinics. 2007.
K. F. Schulz, D. et al. CONSORT 2010 statement: update guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMC medicine. 2010
Diener, E. Guidelines for national indicators of subjective well-being and ill being. Applied Research in Quality of Life. 2006
Sahin, H. An old concept, a new criterion: Quality of life. Community and Physician. 1997
WHOQOL Group. Study protocol for the World Health Organisation project to develop a quality of life assessment instrument. Quality of Life Research. 1993
Sahin, D. & Yanardag, M. Perceived social support, quality of life and satisfaction with life in elderly people. Educational Gerontology. 2019
Huang TT, et al. Physical fitness exercise versus cognitive behavior therapy on reducing the depressive symptoms among communitydwelling elderly adults: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal Of Nursing Studies. 2015
Nelson ME, et al. Physical activity and public health in older adults: recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2007
Lok, N., Lok, S., & Canbaz, M. The effect of physical activity on depressive symptoms and quality of life among elderly nursing home residents: Randomized controlled trial. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2017
World Health Organisation. Depression. WHO. 2015. Available from: http:/www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs369/es/. Accessed Nov. 24 2020.
Teixeira, C. M., et al. Physical Activity, Depression and Anxiety Among the Elderly. Social Indicators Research. 2012
Mura, G., & Carta, M. G. Physical Activity in Depressed Elderly. A Systematic Review. Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health. 2013
Stella, F., et al J. Depressa˜o no idoso: Diagno´stico, tratamento e benefı´cios da atividade fı´sica. Motriz. 2002
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 1631 timesPDF - 671 times
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/magnamed.6.2.2019.113-121
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Indexed by
MAGNA MEDIKA by APKKM is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.