Hubungan Status Gizi dan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronis yang Menjalani Hemodialisis

Tania Apriyanti(1*), Wuryaningsih Dwi Sayekti(2), Susianti Susianti(3), Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis Wardani(4), Reni Zuraida(5)


(1) Universitas Lampung
(2) Uiversitas Lampung
(3) Uiversitas Lampung
(4) Uiversitas Lampung
(5) Uiversitas Lampung
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Hemodialisis merupakan suatu proses penyaringan darah melalui suatu membran semipermeabel yang dilakukan pada pasien dengan gangguan fungsi ginjal. Hal ini berdampak pada perubahan fisik, psikologis, pola hidup dan perubahan sosial yang dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dan dukungan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup pasien penyakit ginjal kronis yang menjalani hemodialisis di Lampung Tengah tahun 2024. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2024-Januari 2025 di unit hemodialisis Rumah Sakit Demang Sepulau Raya, Yukum Medical Centre dan Harapan Bunda. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 161 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Variabel bebas yaitu status gizi dan dukungan keluarga, variabel dependen yaitu kualitas hidup. Alat pengumpul data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang telah di uji validitas dan reliabilitasnya untuk variabel status gizi menggunakan kuesioner Dyalisis Malnutrition Score (DMS), variabel dukungan keluarga, dan variabel kualitas hidup menggunakan kuesioner Kidney Disease Quality of Life- Short Form (KDQOL-SF). Analisis data dalam penelitian ini meliputi analisis univariat menggunakan persentase dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan derajat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa sebagian besar pasien dengan status gizi normal (56,0%), dukungan keluarga baik (78,0%), dan kualitas hidup sedang (78,0%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan status gizi (p=0,000) dan dukungan keluarga (p=0,012) dengan kualitas hidup.


Keywords


dukungan keluarga; hemodialisis; kualitas hidup; status gizi

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