Pengaruh Status Gizi Ibu Hamil terhadap Kejadian Stunting: Studi Literatur

Mira Maria Mirza(1*), Sunarti Sunarti(2), Lina Handayani(3)


(1) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
(2) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
(3) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Pendahuluan: Kejadian stunting pada anak saat ini menjadi masalah kesehatan penting di lingkungan masyarakat. Beberapa faktor dapat menjadi penyebab kejadian stunting pada anak. Faktor dari orang tua menjadi penyebab utama kejadian stunting yang dapat dilihat dari kondisi status gizi Ibu saat hamil. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh status gizi ibu hamil terhadap kejadian stunting Metode: Literatur review dilakukan dengan pencarian artikel melalui database elektronik (Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan SpringerLink) dengan menggunakan kata kunci stunting dan status gizi ibu hamil dalam Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris. Duapuluh artikel terpilih untuk dianalisis berdasarkan kriteria inklusi artikel yang digunakan adalah artikel yang diterbitkan Nasional dan Internasional, tahun terbit artikel dalam rentang 10 tahun terakhir, teks lengkap, open access, dan tidak ada batasan terkait desain penelitian di dalam artikel. Artikel dianalisis menggunakan tabel matriks dan skema Prisma. Hasil: Berdasarkan tinjauan literatur didapatkan bahwa beberapa faktor penyebab kejadian stunting pada anak dipengaruhi oleh faktor orang tua. Dalam hal ini, faktor orang tua seperti pengetahuan ibu terkait pola asuh akan memengaruhi kejadian stunting serta status gizi saat hamil akan memengaruhi bayi lahir rendah yang secara tidak langsung menjadi penyebab stunting. Kesimpulan: Stunting sangat rentan terjadi pada anak-anak saat ini karena beberapa faktor terkait. Adanya pengaruh status gizi ibu hamil dan kejadian stunting menjadi bagian penting dalam pembentukan program pemantauan gizi ibu hamil.

Introduction: The incidence of stunting in children is currently an important health problem in the community. Several factors can cause stunting in children. Parental factors are the main cause of stunting which can be seen from the condition of the mother's nutritional status during pregnancy. Objective: To determine the effect of the nutritional status of pregnant women on the incidence of stunting. Methods: Literature review was conducted by searching articles through electronic databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink) using the keywords stunting and nutritional status of pregnant women in Indonesian and English. Twenty articles selected for analysis were based on the article inclusion criteria used, namely articles published nationally and internationally, year of publication in the last 10 years, full text, open access, and no restrictions regarding the research design in the article. Articles are analyzed using matrix tables and Prism schemes. Results: Based on a literature review, it was found that several factors causing stunting in children were influenced by parental factors. In this case, parental factors such as mother's knowledge regarding parenting will influence the incidence of stunting and nutritional status during pregnancy will affect low birth weight babies which indirectly cause stunting. Conclusion: Stunting is very vulnerable to occur in children today due to several related factors. The influence of the nutritional status of pregnant women and the incidence of stunting is an important part of establishing a program to monitor the nutrition of pregnant women.


Keywords


Ibu Hamil; Status Gizi; Studi Literatur; Stunting

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/jkmi.18.2.2023.22-27

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Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

ISSN 1693-3443 (print) | 2613-9219 (online)
Organized by Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia
Published by Prodi S1 Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
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 Creative Commons License

Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.