Faktor Risiko Timbulnya Kelainan Kongenital

Mitayani Purwoko(1*)


(1) FK UMPalembang, Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Risk Factors for Congenital Abnormalities

The life expectancy of a person can vary depending on where the person was raised. The gap in the health sector is especially felt in people with congenital disorders. Congenital abnormality is a condition of abnormal structure or function of the body that appears at birth. If the baby is born well, it can cause lifelong disability and cause negative effects on the family and the environment. Several risk factors that have an important role in the emergence of congenital abnormalities are nutrition, parental age, and environment. Inadequate nutritional consumption, drug consumption during pregnancy, maternal and paternal age at conception, and exposure to dust and cigarette smoke in the environment can cause congenital abnormalities.

 

Usia harapan hidup seseorang dapat bervariasi tergantung di mana orang tersebut dibesarkan. Kesenjangan dalam bidang kesehatan terutama dirasakan pada penderita kelainan kongenital. Kelainan kongenital adalah suatu kondisi ketidaknormalan struktur atau fungsi tubuh yang muncul saat lahir. Apabila bayi terlahir dengan baik maka dapat menyebabkan disabilitas seumur hidup dan menyebabkan pengaruh negatif  bagi keluarga dan lingkungan. Beberapa faktor risiko yang memiliki peranan penting dalam timbulnya kelainan kongenital adalah nutrisi, usia orang tua, dan lingkungan. Konsumsi nutrisi yang tidak adekuat, konsumsi obat-obatan selama kehamilan, usia ibu dan ayah saat terjadi pembuahan, serta adanya paparan debu dan asap rokok pada lingkungan dapat menyebabkan kelainan kongenital.


Keywords


faktor risiko; kelainan kongenital; cacat bawaan; kelainan janin

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/magnamed.6.1.2019.51-56

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