Pengalaman Adaptasi Survivor Schizophrenia Pasca Perawatan di Rumah Sakit
(1) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Santo Borromeus
(2) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Santo Borromeus
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Schizophrenia adalah gangguan jiwa berat ditandai dengan perubahan pada persepsi, pikiran, afek, dan perilaku seseorang. Gejala schizophrenia berlangsung selama jangka waktu minimum satu bulan dan kemunduran fungsi berlangsung minimum selama enam bulan dengan tingkat kekambuhan 70 - 82%. Penderita schizophrenia sering ditemukan kurang mendapat dukungan sosial dalam mengoptimalkan proses rehabilitasi setelah menjalani perawatan di Rumah Sakit. Tujuan studi untuk mengekplorasi pengalaman survivor schizophrenia beradaptasi pasca rawat. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif fenomenologi terhadap 10 informan. Hasil ditemukan 5 tema adaptasi pasca perawatan di rumah sakit yaitu cara menghadapi suatu permasalahan, memiliki pekerjaan setelah keluar dari rumah sakit jiwa, dukungan keluarga, dukungan lingkungan dan dukungan tenaga kesehatan. Kesimpulan adaptasi survivor schizophrenia pasca perawatan di rumah sakit membutuhkan kemampuan problem solving, dukungan dari keluarga dan masyarakat.
Kata kunci: adaptasi, pengalaman, schizophrenia, survivor
THE EXPERIENCE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA SURVIVOR ADAPTATION POST-CARE IN HOSPITAL
ABSTRACT
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by changes in a person's perceptions, thoughts, affect, and behaviour. Schizophrenia symptoms last for a minimum period of one month and deterioration of function lasts for a minimum of six months with a recurrence rate of 70 - 82%. Schizophrenia sufferers are often found to lack social support in optimizing the rehabilitation process after undergoing treatment at the hospital. Purpose to explore the experience of survivor schizophrenia adapting post-treatment. Method Qualitative with a phenomenological descriptive approach to 10 informants. Results found 5 adaptation post-treatment themes in the hospital namely how to deal with a problem, having a job after leaving the mental hospital, family support, environmental support and support of health workers. Conclusion: Adaptation of post-treatment schizophrenia survivors in hospital requires problem- solving skills, support from family and community.
Keywords: adaptation, experience, schizophrenia, survivor
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adebiyi, M. O., Mosaku, S. K., Irinoye, O. O., & Oyelade, O. O. (2018). Socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with relapse in mental illness. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 8(May), 149–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2018.05.007
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. (2019). Laporan Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) Indonesia tahun 2018. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018, pp. 182–183. Retrieved from https://www.litbang.kemkes.go.id/laporan-riset-kesehatan-dasar-riskesdas/
Green, C. A. (2004). Fostering Recovery from Life-transforming Mental Health Disorders: A Synthesis and Model. Social Theory and Health, 2(4), 293–314. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.sth.8700036.
Hsiao, C. Y., Lu, H. L., & Tsai, Y. F. (2019). Factors Associated With Primary Family Caregivers’ Perceptions on Quality of Family-Centered Care in Mental Health Practice. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 51(6), 680–688. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12526
Kanahara, N., Yamanaka, H., Suzuki, T., Takase, M., & Iyo, M. (2018). First-episode psychosis in treatment- resistant schizophrenia : a cross-sectional study of a long-term follow-up cohort. 1–11.
Keliat, B. A.,Akemat.,Daulima,C. H. N.,Nurhaeni, H. (2011). Keperawatan Kesehatan Jiwa Komunitas: CMHN (Basic Course). Jakarta: EGC
Putri, Prahastia K. & Ambarini, Tri K. (2012). Makna Hidup Penderita Skizofrenia Pasca Rawat Inap
Niman, S. (2019). THE PHENOMENON OF FAMILY CAREGIVER EXPERIENCE IN CARING FOR FAMILIES WITH MENTAL DISORDERS . In Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa (Vol. 7). https://doi.org/10.26714/jkj.7.1.2019.19-26
Niman, S. (2017). Hubungan dukungan informasi keluarga dengan kemampuan klien mengatasi tanda dan gejala skizofrenia residual. Jurnal Kesehatan “Caring and Enthusiasm,” 1. https://doi.org/: 977-2338-7823-01
Pietrini, F., Albert, U., Ballerini, A., Calò, P., Maina, G., Pinna, F., Vaggi, M., Boggian,I., Fontana, M., Moro, C., Carpiniello, B. (2019). The modern perspective for long-acting injectables antipsychotics in the patient-centered care of schizophrenia. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 15, 1045–1060. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S199048
Rahmani, F., Ranjbar, F., Hosseinzadeh, M., Razavi, S. S., Dickens, G. L., & Vahidi, M. (2019). Coping strategies of family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in Iran: A cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 6(2), 148–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2019.03.006
Rubbyana, Urifah. (2012). Hubungan antara Strategi Koping dengan Kualitas Hidup pada Penderita
Skizofrenia Remisi Simtom. E- Journal of UNAIR
Shimada, T., Nishi, A., Yoshida, T., Tanaka, S., & Kobayashi, M. (2016). Factors Influencing Rehospitalisation of Patients with Schizophrenia in Japan: A 1-year Longitudinal Study. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy, 28, 7–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hkjot.2016.10.002
Subica, A. M., & Yamada, A. M. (2018). Development of a spirituality-infused cognitive behavioral intervention for individuals with serious mental illnesses. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 41(1), 8–15. https://doi.org/10.1037/prj0000102
Stuart, Gail W., & Michele T. Laraia. (2001). Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing 7th Ed. St.
Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Mosby.
Tan, Gabriel. (2011). Adaptive Versus Maladaptive Coping and Belief and Their Relation to Cronic Pain
Adjusment. The Clinical Journal of Pain.
Townsend, Mary C. (2009). Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company
Videbeck, Sheila L. (2008). Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 2nd Ed. Philippine: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Whitley, R., Palmer, V., & Gunn, J. (2015). Recovery from severe mental illness. Cmaj, 187(13), 951–952. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.141558
Yosep, Iyus. (2014). Keperawatan Jiwa (edisi revisi). Bandung: PT. Refika Aditama
Zaprutko, T., Göder, R., Kus, K., Rakhman, L., Bilobryvka, R., & Nowakowska, E. (2016). The Cost of Inpatient Care of Schizophrenia and Treatment Schedules Used in German Academic Center: Kiel. Psychiatric Quarterly, 87(4), 595–603. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-015-9412-0
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 578 timesPDF - 79 times
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/jkj.8.2.2020.203-210
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
PPNI Univ. Muhammadiyah Semarang
Jl. Kedungmundu Raya No. 18 Semarang Gedung NRC University of Muhammadiyah Semarang
Phone: 02476740287
Fax: 02476740287
Email: [email protected]
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.