Email this article 
Burnout pada Bidan dan Perawat: Sebuah Scoping Review
(1) Diponegoro University
(2) Diponegoro University
(3) Diponegoro University
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Abstrak
Latar belakang: Semenjak dunia mengalami pandemi Covid-19 pada akhir tahun 2019 hingga 2023 silam, begitu banyak perubahan dan adaptasi yang telah dijalani terutama di sektor kesehatan dan berdampak besar terhadap tenaga keperawatan. Hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan kelelahan yang terjadi secara berkala dan berkepanjangan, sehingga menyebabkan burnout, yang merupakan suatu konsep multidimensional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggali faktor yang berkaitan dengan burnout pada bidan dan perawat di rumah sakit. Metode: Scoping review dengan menggunakan artikel yang diperoleh dari 4 database, yaitu Google Scholar, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Crossref. Pencarian literatur menggunakan keyword atau kata kunci berupa “midwife” OR “midwives” AND “nurse” OR “nurses” AND “burnout” OR “burn out”. Kriteria inklusi ditetapkan untuk menyelaraskan topik artikel yang akan ditelaah. Setelah dilakukan telaah literatur, diperoleh 11 artikel. Hasil: Faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan burnout meliputi faktor organisasi dan faktor individu. Hal ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa survei dan aplikasi yang meliputi pengkajian individu, psikologis, organisasi. Kedua faktor tersebut apabila tidak seimbang akan memengaruhi ritme sirkadian tubuh dan metabolisme para pekerja. Hal tersebut kemudian dapat menyebabkan kesulitan pada tubuh baik secara fisiologis maupun psikologis untuk menangani burnout. Kesimpulan: Burnout pada bidan dan perawat merupakan suatu fenomena yang kompleks dan multifaktorial, dengan prevalensi tinggi dan dapat menyebabkan dampak buruk yang signifikan terhadap pekerja itu sendiri, organisasi, serta sistem pelayanan kesehatan.
Abstract
Background: Since the global outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic from late 2019 to 2023, numerous changes and adaptations have occurred, particularly affecting the healthcare sector. Frequently changing policies in healthcare services have had a significant impact on healthcare workers, including midwives and nurses, which may lead to recurrent and prolonged fatigue, resulting in burnout, a multidimensional concept consisting of three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. This study’s aim is to explore factors associated with burnout among midwives and nurses in hospitals. Methods: This study employed a scoping review design. Articles were obtained from four databases: Google Scholar, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Crossref. Following the literature screening and review process, a total of 11 articles were included. Topic used is burnout in midwives and nurses working in hospital. Results: Factors associated with burnout were categorized into organizational factors and individual factors. These factors were examined using various surveys and assessment tools that evaluated individual, psychological, and organizational aspects. An imbalance between these factors may disrupt circadian rhythms and metabolic processes among healthcare workers. This can lead to physiological and psychological difficulties in coping with burnout. Conclusion: Burnout among midwives and nurses is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon with a high prevalence, which may result in significant negative impacts on individuals, organizations, and the healthcare service system.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Maslach C. A Multidimensional Theory of Burnout. Theories of Organizational Stress. Oxford University PressOxford; 2023. p. 68–85.
Fenwick J, Lubomski A, Creedy DK, Sidebotham M. Personal, professional and workplace factors that contribute to burnout in Australian midwives. J Adv Nurs [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2025 Dec 22];74:852–863. doi: 10.1111/jan.13491. Cited: in: : PMID: 29105143.
Shahin MA, Al-Dubai SAR, Abdoh DS, Alahmadi AS, Ali AK, Hifnawy T. Burnout among nurses working in the primary health care centers in Saudi Arabia, a multicenter study. AIMS Public Health [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2025 Dec 22];7:844–853. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2020065.
Brennan HM, Long HA, Chmiel C, Smith DM. Coping strategies and interventions to prevent and alleviate work-related burnout in midwives: A rapid scoping review of quantitative and qualitative research. Women and Birth [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 22];38. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2025.102107. Cited: in: : PMID: 41004886.
Pham TH, Vo MT, Nguyen PN. Burnout Syndrome and Sexual Disorders Among Vietnamese Female Nurses and Midwives at Tu Du Hospital: A Frontline Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Women’s Health Reports [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 22];6:660–670. doi: 10.1089/whr.2024.0193.
Abdelrazek EM, Higazy OA. Burnout among nurses in Jazan General Hospital, Saudi Arabia: its prevalence and associated factors. African Journal of Reproductive Health [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2025 Dec 22];27:43–53. doi: 10.29063/ajrh2023/v27i4.5. Cited: in: : PMID: 37584907.
Suleiman-Martos N, Albendín-García L, Gómez-Urquiza JL, Vargas-Román K, Ramirez-Baena L, Ortega-Campos E, De La Fuente-Solana EI. Prevalence and predictors of burnout in midwives: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2025 Dec 22];17. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020641. Cited: in: : PMID: 31963831.
Mason R, Roodenburg J, Williams B. What personality types dominate among nurses and paramedics: A scoping review? Australas Emerg Care [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2025 Dec 22];23:281–290. doi: 10.1016/j.auec.2020.06.001. Cited: in: : PMID: 32694015.
Yörük S, Güler D. The relationship between psychological resilience, burnout, stress, and sociodemographic factors with depression in nurses and midwives during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Turkey. Perspect Psychiatr Care [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2025 Dec 22];57:390–398. doi: 10.1111/ppc.12659. Cited: in: : PMID: 33103773.
Feng T, Booth BM, Baldwin-Rodríguez B, Osorno F, Narayanan S. A multimodal analysis of physical activity, sleep, and work shift in nurses with wearable sensor data. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2025 Dec 22];11. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87029-w. Cited: in: : PMID: 33888731.
Mengistie BA, Endale ZM, Azene ZN, Haile TT, Gebremichael Tsega A, Demeke M, Wassie YA, Abiy SA, Taye EB, Aragaw GM, et al. Predictors of burnout among midwives working at public hospitals in northwest Ethiopia, 2022: A multi-centred study. Women and Birth [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2025 Dec 22];37. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2024.101654. Cited: in: : PMID: 39024981.
Mozolová V, Tupá M, Kordoš M. Work engagement and workload as predictors of nurse burnout: Evidence from a national hospital survey in Slovakia. Problems and Perspectives in Management [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 22];23:398–406. doi: 10.21511/ppm.23(4).2025.29.
Zencirci AD, Arslan S. Morning-evening type and burnout level as factors influencing sleep quality of shift nurses: A questionnaire study. Croat Med J [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2025 Dec 22];52:527–537. doi: 10.3325/cmj.2011.52.527. Cited: in: : PMID: 21853548.
Ungur AP, Socaciu AI, Barsan M, Rajnoveanu AG, Ionut R, Socaciu C, Procopciuc LM. Blood Metabolic Biomarkers of Occupational Stress in Healthcare Professionals: Discriminating Burnout Levels and the Impact of Night Shift Work. Clocks Sleep [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 22];7. doi: 10.3390/clockssleep7030036.
Huang XX, Jiang XM, Zheng QX, Chen XQ. The association between circadian rhythm of cortisol and shift work regularity among midwives—A multicenter study in Southeast China. Front Public Health [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2025 Dec 22];10. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.965872. Cited: in: : PMID: 36238237.
LaPlante RD, Jurgens CY, Gould KA. Examining Well-being Through the Concepts of Professional Fulfillment, Psychological Safety, and Resilience in Relation to Burnout: A Pilot Study. J Nurs Adm [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 22];55:652–658. doi: 10.1097/NNA.0000000000001657. Cited: in: : PMID: 41325045.
Soria J, Zervoulis K, Bolou A. A survey examining the relationship between burnout, professional empowerment, and personality traits of midwives of an inner London NHS Trust. Eur J Midwifery [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2025 Dec 22];8:1–9. doi: 10.18332/ejm/184208.
Yildirim D, Şenyuva E, Kaya E. Turkish nurses’ psychological resilience and burnout levels during the COVID-19 pandemic: A correlational study. Int J Nurs Pract [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2025 Dec 22];30. doi: 10.1111/ijn.13239. Cited: in: : PMID: 38308441.
Socaciu AI, Ionut R, Barsan M, Ungur AP, Rajnoveanu AG. Burnout in gastroenterology unit nurses. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2025 Dec 22];17. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093115. Cited: in: : PMID: 32365748.
Pham HT, Vo TM, Nguyen L, Le MTN. Job Burnout Prevalence Among Female Nurses and Midwives of Obstetric and Gynecologic Sector: A Cross-Sectional Study in Ho Chi Minh City. Nurs Forum (Auckl). 2025;2025. doi: 10.1155/nuf/6777695.
Pehlivan T, Güner P. Effect of a compassion fatigue resiliency program on nurses’ professional quality of life, perceived stress, resilience: A randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs. 2020;76:3584–3596. doi: 10.1111/jan.14568. Cited: in: : PMID: 33009840.
Aghamohammadi F, Saed O, Ahmadi R, Kharaghani R. The effectiveness of adapted group mindfulness-based stress management program on perceived stress and emotion regulation in midwives: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Psychol. 2022;10. doi: 10.1186/s40359-022-00823-7. Cited: in: : PMID: 35562792.
Partlak Günüşen N, Şengün İnan F, Üstün B, Serttaş M, Sayin S, Yaşaroğlu Toksoy S. The effect of a nurse-led intervention program on compassion fatigue, burnout, compassion satisfaction, and psychological distress in nurses: A randomized controlled trial. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2022;58:1576–1586. doi: 10.1111/ppc.12965. Cited: in: : PMID: 34706071.
Moskowitz JT, Jackson KL, Cummings P, Addington EL, Freedman ME, Bannon J, Lee C, Vu TH, Wallia A, Hirschhorn LR, et al. Feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a positive emotion regulation intervention to promote resilience for healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2024;19. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305172. Cited: in: : PMID: 38913665.
Shah AH, Becene IA, Nguyen KTNH, Stuart JJ, West MG, Berrill JES, Hankins J, Borba CPC, Rich-Edwards JW. A qualitative analysis of psychosocial stressors and health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on frontline healthcare personnel in the United States. SSM - Qualitative Research in Health. 2022;2. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmqr.2022.100130. Cited: in: : PMID: 35873922.
Pratt EH, Hall L, Jennings C, Olsen MK, Jan A, Parish A, Porter LS, Cox CE. Mobile Mindfulness for Psychological Distress and Burnout among Frontline COVID-19 Nurses: A Pilot Randomized Trial. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2023;20:1475–1482. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202301-025OC. Cited: in: : PMID: 37289650.
TAŞ F, AŞCI Ö, DEMİRGÖZ BAL M. Compassion Fatigue and Satisfaction in Nurses and Midwives during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2022;12:521–527. doi: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.998790.
Tsou MT, Pai TP, Chiang TM, Huang WH, Lin HM, Lee SC. Burnout and metabolic syndrome among different departments of medical center nurses in Taiwan-Cross-sectional study and biomarker research. J Occup Health [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2025 Dec 22];63. doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12188. Cited: in: : PMID: 33469969.
Chico-Barba G, Jiménez-Limas K, Sánchez-Jiménez B, Sámano R, Rodríguez-Ventura AL, Castillo-Pérez R, Tolentino M. Burnout and metabolic syndrome in female nurses: An observational study. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2025 Dec 22];16. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16111993. Cited: in: : PMID: 31195593.
Bhardwaj P, Pathania M, Bahurupi Y, Kanchibhotla D, Harsora P, Rathaur VK. Efficacy of mHealth aided 12-week meditation and breath intervention on change in burnout and professional quality of life among health care providers of a tertiary care hospital in north India: a randomized waitlist-controlled trial. Front Public Health. 2023;11. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1258330. Cited: in: : PMID: 38026380.
Boucher VG, Haight BL, Hives BA, Zumbo BD, Merali-Dewji A, Hutton S, Liu Y, Nguyen S, Beauchamp MR, Black AT, et al. Effects of 12 Weeks of At-Home, Application-Based Exercise on Health Care Workers’ Depressive Symptoms, Burnout, and Absenteeism: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2023;80:1101–1109. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.2706. Cited: in: : PMID: 37556150.
Gan R, Chen S, Xue J. Feasibility and effectiveness of the mindfulness-based stress reduction programs on relieving burnout of healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot randomized controlled trial in China. Hum Resour Health. 2024;22. doi: 10.1186/s12960-024-00959-0. Cited: in: : PMID: 39567987.
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 36 timesPDF - 4 times
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/jkmi.21.1.2026.1-9
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 | Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia ISSN 1693-3443 (print) | 2613-9219 (online) |
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.