Correction, Retraction, and Withdrawal Policy

Correction, Retraction, and Withdrawal Policy

Corrections

If errors are identified in a published article that do not invalidate the findings, the journal will publish a correction (erratum or corrigendum).

Corrections will clearly describe the nature of the error and the changes made.

 

Retractions

Retractions may occur when:

  • there is clear evidence of unreliable findings
  • research misconduct is identified
  • plagiarism is detected
  • duplicate publication is confirmed

Retraction notices will be published and linked to the original article to maintain transparency in the scholarly record.

 

Article Withdrawal

Authors may request withdrawal of their manuscript before it is formally accepted for publication.

After acceptance, withdrawal requests will only be considered under exceptional circumstances.

 

Post-Publication Issues

The journal takes allegations of publication misconduct seriously. Complaints regarding ethical concerns will be investigated following established editorial procedures and international publication ethics guidelines.